ScalingStacks

7.4.6. Decomposition at a point

Let z0∈Zoz_{0}\in Z_{o} with z0∉Mz_{0}{\not\in}M.

Given ζ\zeta a homotopy class of admissible paths in ZZ with ζ≠idz0\zeta\neq\operatorname{id}\nolimits_{z_{0}}, we put μ⁡(ζ)=i⁡(ζ,idz0)\mu(\zeta)=i(\zeta,\operatorname{id}\nolimits_{z_{0}}).

Assume μ⁡(ζ)≥1\mu(\zeta)\geq 1. There is a unique decomposition ζ=ζr−⋅ζr\zeta=\zeta^{r-}\cdot\zeta^{r} in 𝒮∙​(Z,1){\mathcal{S}}^{\bullet}(Z,1) such that ζr​(1)=z0\zeta^{r}(1)=z_{0} and μ⁡(ζr)=1\mu(\zeta^{r})=1.

Given θ∈Hom𝒮M∙​(Z)⁡(I,J)\theta\in\operatorname{Hom}\nolimits_{{\mathcal{S}}_{M}^{\bullet}(Z)}(I,J), we put μ⁡(θ)=∑s∈Iμ⁡(θs)\mu(\theta)=\sum_{s\in I}\mu(\theta_{s}). Given θ′∈Hom𝒮M∙​(Z)⁡(I′,I)\theta^{\prime}\in\operatorname{Hom}\nolimits_{{\mathcal{S}}_{M}^{\bullet}(Z)}(I^{\prime},I) with θ⋅θ′≠0\theta\cdot\theta^{\prime}\neq 0, we have μ⁡(θ⋅θ′)=μ⁡(θ)+μ⁡(θ′)\mu(\theta\cdot\theta^{\prime})=\mu(\theta)+\mu(\theta^{\prime}).

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Lemma 7.4.27. Let θ∈Hom𝒮M∙​(Z)⁡(I,J)\theta\in\operatorname{Hom}\nolimits_{{\mathcal{S}}_{M}^{\bullet}(Z)}(I,J) with μ⁡(θ)≥2\mu(\theta)\geq 2.

There exists a decomposition θ=r′​(θ)⋅r⁡(θ)\theta=r^{\prime}(\theta)\cdot r(\theta) in 𝒮M​(Z){\mathcal{S}}_{M}(Z) with μ⁡(r⁡(θ))=1\mu(r(\theta))=1 and with the following property.

Let s∈Is\in I such that μ⁡(r​(θ)s)=1\mu(r(\theta)_{s})=1. Given s′∈Is^{\prime}\in I such that μ⁡(θs′)≥1\mu(\theta_{s^{\prime}})\geq 1 and supp⁡(θs′r)⊂supp⁡(θsr)\mathrm{supp}(\theta_{s^{\prime}}^{r})\subset\mathrm{supp}(\theta_{s}^{r}), then s′=ss^{\prime}=s.

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Proof. We prove the lemma by induction on |θ||\theta|. Assume there is a set I′I^{\prime} satisfying the assumptions of Lemma 7.4.26 and such that μ⁡(u)=0\mu(u)=0. By induction, there is a decomposition θu=r′​(θu)⋅r⁡(θu)\theta^{u}=r^{\prime}(\theta^{u})\cdot r(\theta^{u}) as in the lemma. Now r⁡(θ)=r⁡(θu)⋅ur(\theta)=r(\theta^{u})\cdot u and r′​(θ)=r′​(θu)r^{\prime}(\theta)=r^{\prime}(\theta^{u}) satisfy the requirements of the lemma.

Assume now that given any set I′I^{\prime} satisfying the assumptions of Lemma 7.4.26, we have μ⁡(u)≥1\mu(u)\geq 1.

Let s∈Is\in I with μ⁡(θs)≥1\mu(\theta_{s})\geq 1 such that given s′∈Is^{\prime}\in I with μ⁡(θs′)≥1\mu(\theta_{s^{\prime}})\geq 1, we have supp⁡(θsr)⊂supp⁡(θs′r)\mathrm{supp}(\theta_{s}^{r})\subset\mathrm{supp}(\theta_{s^{\prime}}^{r}). Given s′∈I∖{s}s^{\prime}\in I\setminus\{s\}, we have μ⁡(αs′)=0\mu(\alpha^{s^{\prime}})=0 (notations of §7.4.5).

Let I′I^{\prime} be the set of s′∈Is^{\prime}\in I such that there is a sequence s0=s,s1,…,sr=s′s_{0}=s,s_{1},\ldots,s_{r}=s^{\prime} of elements of II such that si→si+1s_{i}\to s_{i+1} is an arrow of Γ⁡(θ)\Gamma(\theta) for 0≤i<r0\leq i<r. Assume there exist s1,…,sds_{1},\ldots,s_{d} in I′∖{s0}I^{\prime}\setminus\{s_{0}\} such that sd=s1s_{d}=s_{1} and si→si+1s_{i}\to s_{i+1} is an arrow of Γ⁡(θ)\Gamma(\theta) for 1≤i<d1\leq i<d. Then I′′={s1,…,sd}I^{\prime\prime}=\{s_{1},\ldots,s_{d}\} satisfies the assumptions of Lemma 7.4.26. On the other hand, we have μ⁡(αs′)=0\mu(\alpha^{s^{\prime}})=0 for s′∈I′′s^{\prime}\in I^{\prime\prime}, hence we get a contradiction. It follows that I′I^{\prime} is a cycle or a line and it satisfies the assumptions of Lemma 7.4.26. The braids r′​(θ)=θur^{\prime}(\theta)=\theta^{u} and r⁡(θ)=ur(\theta)=u of Lemma 7.4.26 satisfy the requirements of the lemma. ∎

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source collection and HTML conversion remain in progress.

Andrew Manion, Raphael Rouquier

Original source: arXiv:2009.09627v2