4.3. The triangulated and Morita localizations
Let
M : N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] โถ N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] M\colon\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]
denote the composite functor
(4.12)
N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] \textstyle{\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces} ฮจ tri \scriptstyle{\Psi_{\tri}} Cat โ ex \textstyle{\Cat_{\infty}^{\ex}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces} N โก ( ฮฅ ) \scriptstyle{\mathrm{N}(\Upsilon)} N โก ( ( L H โ Cat ๐ฎ ) fib ) โ N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] . \textstyle{\mathrm{N}((L^{H}\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\textrm{fib}})\simeq\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}].}
As the previous proposition suggests, M โ ๐ M{\mathcal{A}} is essentially the same as the pretriangulated spectral closure ๐ ^ tri \widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}_{\tri} of ๐ {\mathcal{A}} .
0NKQ
Proposition 4.13 . There is an equivalence
๐ ^ tri โ M โ ๐ \widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}_{\tri}\simeq M{\mathcal{A}}
in N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] \mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}] , natural in spectral categories ๐ {\mathcal{A}} .
0NKR
Proof. By proposition 4.11 , we have natural equivalences
N โก ( Fun ๐ฎ โ ( ๐ op , ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] ฯ โ ฮจ perf โ ๐ โ Fun ex โ ( ฮจ tri โ ๐ op , ๐ฎ โ ) ฯ . \mathrm{N}(\mathrm{Fun}_{\mathcal{S}}({\mathcal{A}}^{\op},{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]^{\omega}\simeq\Psi_{\perf}{\mathcal{A}}\simeq\mathrm{Fun}^{\ex}(\Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}}^{\op},{\mathcal{S}}_{\infty})^{\omega}.
These allows us to identify the smallest stable subcategory ฮจ tri โ ๐ โ ฮจ perf โ ๐ \Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}}\subseteq\Psi_{\perf}{\mathcal{A}} spanned by the representable functors a ^ : ๐ op โ ๐ฎ \widehat{a}\colon{\mathcal{A}}^{\op}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{S}} with the stably representable functors ฮฃ โ โ a ^ : ฮจ tri โ ๐ op โ ๐ฎ โ \Sigma^{\infty}\widehat{a}\colon\Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}}^{\op}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{S}}_{\infty} .
โ
There is a natural transformation ฮท : id โ M \eta\colon\id\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M which can be
described as follows:
On the level of spectral categories, the Yoneda embedding
๐ โถ ๐ ^ {\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}
factors through the inclusion of the essentially small full spectral subcategory
๐ ^ tri โถ ๐ ^ . \widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}_{\tri}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}.
The result is a natural transformation id โ ( โ ) ^ tri \id\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\widehat{(-)}_{\tri} of endofunctors of Cat ๐ฎ \Cat_{\mathcal{S}} .
By proposition 4.13 , there is a natural equivalence
๐ ^ tri โ โถ โผ โ ฮฅ โ ( ฮจ tri โ ๐ ) = M โ ๐ \widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}_{\tri}\overset{\sim}{\longrightarrow}\Upsilon(\Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}})=M{\mathcal{A}}
in N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] \mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}] ; composing with this natural equivalence
gives the desired natural transformation ฮท : id โ M \eta\colon\id\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M .
0NKS
Proposition 4.14 . For any spectral category ๐ {\mathcal{A}} ,
ฮท ๐ : ๐ โ M โ ๐ \eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}\colon{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M{\mathcal{A}} is fully faithful.
0NKT
Proof. By Yonedaโs lemma, mapping spectra in M โ ๐ M{\mathcal{A}} between stably representable objects are given by mapping spectra between the representing spectrum objects, giving an equivalence
Map M โ ๐ โ ( ฮท ๐ โ ( a ) , ฮท ๐ โ ( b ) ) n โ map ฮจ tri โ ๐ โก ( a ^ , ฮฃ n โ b ^ ) . \mathrm{Map}_{M{\mathcal{A}}}(\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(a),\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(b))_{n}\simeq\map_{\Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}}}(\widehat{a},{\Sigma^{n}}{\widehat{b}}).
Since ฮจ tri โ ๐ \Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}} is a stable โ \infty -category of spectral functors, Yonedaโs lemma also gives an equivalence
Map ๐ โ ( a , b ) n โ map ฮจ tri โ ๐ โก ( a ^ , ฮฃ n โ b ^ ) . \mathrm{Map}_{{\mathcal{A}}}(a,b)_{n}\simeq\map_{\Psi_{\tri}{\mathcal{A}}}(\widehat{a},{\Sigma^{n}}{\widehat{b}}).
Hence Map ๐ โ ( a , b ) โ Map M โ ๐ โ ( ฮท ๐ โ ( a ) , ฮท ๐ โ ( b ) ) \mathrm{Map}_{{\mathcal{A}}}(a,b)\simeq\mathrm{Map}_{M{\mathcal{A}}}(\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(a),\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(b)) .
โ
0NKU
Proposition 4.15 . The functor ฮท ๐ : ๐ โ M โ ๐ \eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}\colon{{\mathcal{A}}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M{\mathcal{A}} is essentially surjective if and
only if ๐ {{\mathcal{A}}} is stable.
0NKV
Proof. Indeed, ๐ โ M โ ๐ {{\mathcal{A}}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M{{\mathcal{A}}} is essentially surjective if and only if ฮฉ โ โ ๐ โ ฮฉ โ โ M โ ๐ \Omega^{\infty}{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Omega^{\infty}M{\mathcal{A}} is essentially surjective, which is the case if and
only if ๐ {\mathcal{A}} is already stable.
โ
Combining propositionsย 4.14 andย 4.15 , we obtain the following
corollary.
0NKW
Corollary 4.16 . The functor ฮท ๐ : ๐ โ M โ ๐ \eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}\colon{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M{\mathcal{A}} is an equivalence of spectral
categories if and only if ๐ {\mathcal{A}} is a stable spectral category.
Next, we want to verify that M M is a localization.
0NKX
Proposition 4.17 . The pair of natural transformations ฮท M โ ๐ , M โ ฮท ๐ : M โ ๐ โ M 2 โ ๐ \eta_{M{\mathcal{A}}},M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}\colon M{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M^{2}{\mathcal{A}} induce a homotopy commutative square
๐ \textstyle{{\mathcal{A}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces} ฮท ๐ \scriptstyle{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}} ฮท ๐ \scriptstyle{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}} M โ ๐ \textstyle{M{\mathcal{A}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces} M ฮท ๐ \scriptstyle{M_{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}}} M โ ๐ \textstyle{M{\mathcal{A}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces} ฮท M โ ๐ \scriptstyle{\eta_{M{\mathcal{A}}}} M 2 โ ๐ . \textstyle{M^{2}{\mathcal{A}}.}
0NKY
Proof. First note that M โ ฮท ๐ : M โ ๐ โ M 2 โ ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}\colon M{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}M^{2}{\mathcal{A}} sends
x : ๐ ^ โ ๐ฎ โ x\colon\widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{S}}_{\infty} to
the functor ฮท ๐ ^ ! x : M โ ๐ ^ โ ๐ฎ โ \widehat{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}}_{!}x\colon\widehat{M{\mathcal{A}}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{S}}_{\infty} induced by
homotopy left Kan extension along
ฮท ๐ ^ : ๐ ^ โ M โ ๐ ^ \widehat{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}}:\widehat{{\mathcal{A}}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\widehat{M{\mathcal{A}}} .
If x = Map A โ ( โ , a ) x=\mathrm{Map}_{A}(-,a) is represented by the object a a of ๐ {\mathcal{A}} , then the
universal properties of representable functors and homotopy left Kan
extensions force an equivalence ฮท ๐ ^ ! x โ
Map ( โ , ฮท ๐ ( a ) ) \widehat{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}}_{!}x\cong\mathrm{Map}(-,\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(a)) , so that ฮท ๐ ^ ! x \widehat{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}}_{!}x is
represented by ฮท ๐ โ ( a ) \eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(a) . It follows that the restrictions of
ฮท M โ ๐ \eta_{M{{\mathcal{A}}}} and M โ ฮท ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}} to ๐ {\mathcal{A}} are equivalent.
โ
0NKZ
Corollary 4.18 . The spectral functors ฮท M โ ๐ \eta_{M{\mathcal{A}}} and M โ ฮท ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}} are equivalent.
In particular, both ฮท M โ ๐ \eta_{M{\mathcal{A}}} and M โ ฮท ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}} are equivalences.
0NL0
Proof. Since ๐ {\mathcal{A}} generates M โ ๐ M{\mathcal{A}} under finite homotopy colimits and
desuspensions, it suffices to show that M โ ฮท ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}} preserves finite
homotopy colimits and desuspensions. The fact that M โ ฮท ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}
preserves finite homotopy colimits follows from the fact that
M โ ฮท ๐ M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}} is a homotopy left Kan extension along ฮท ๐ ^ \widehat{\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}} .
But suspension is an example of a finite homotopy colimit, so we have
that M โ ฮท ๐ โ ( ฮฃ โ x ) โ ฮฃ โ M โ ฮท ๐ โ ( x ) M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(\Sigma x)\simeq\Sigma M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(x) . Hence
M โ ฮท ๐ โ ( x ) โ ฮฃ โ M โ ฮท ๐ โ ( ฮฃ โ 1 โ x ) M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(x)\simeq\Sigma M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(\Sigma^{-1}x) , and as M 2 โ ๐ M^{2}{\mathcal{A}} is
stable we see that M โ ฮท ๐ โ ( ฮฃ โ 1 โ x ) โ ฮฃ โ 1 โ M โ ฮท ๐ โ ( x ) M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(\Sigma^{-1}x)\simeq\Sigma^{-1}M\eta_{{\mathcal{A}}}(x) . The final statement is a consequence of corollary
4.16 and the fact that M โ ๐ M{\mathcal{A}} is a stable spectral category.
โ
0NL1
Corollary 4.19 . The functor M M defines a localization of N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] \mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]
with essential image the stable spectral categories.
0NL2
Proof. This follows from the previous proposition and corollary by [52 , 5.2.7.4] .
โ
To see that we have an accessible localization, we need the following
proposition:
0NL3
Proposition 4.20 . Let ๐ โ colim i โก ๐ i {\mathcal{C}}\simeq\colim_{i}{\mathcal{C}}_{i} be a filtered colimit of stable
โ \infty -categories. Then there is an equivalence of spectral categories
ฮฅ โก ( ๐ ) โ colim i โก ฮฅ โก ( ๐ i ) . \Upsilon({\mathcal{C}})\simeq\colim_{i}\Upsilon({\mathcal{C}}_{i}).
0NL4
Proof. We must show that the natural map
colim i โก ฮฅ โก ( ๐ i ) โถ ฮฅ โก ( ๐ ) \colim_{i}\Upsilon({\mathcal{C}}_{i})\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Upsilon({\mathcal{C}})
is a DK-equivalence of spectral categories.
Since ๐ {\mathcal{C}} and the ๐ i {\mathcal{C}}_{i} are all stable spectral categories and
ฮฉ โ \Omega^{\infty} and N \mathrm{N} commute with filtered colimits, this follows
from propositions 4.5 and 4.8 .
โ
Following Definitionย 2.7 , we make the following definitions.
0NL5
Definition 4.21 . A map of small spectral โ \infty -categories f : ๐ โ โฌ f:{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{B}} is:
โข
A triangulated equivalence if
ฮจ tri โ f : ฮจ tri โ ๐ โ ฮจ tri โ โฌ \Psi_{\tri}{f}:\Psi_{\tri}{{\mathcal{A}}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Psi_{\tri}{{\mathcal{B}}} is an
equivalence of (stable) โ \infty -categories, and
โข
A Morita equivalence if ฮจ perf โ f : ฮจ perf โ ๐ โ ฮจ perf โ โฌ \Psi_{\perf}f\colon\Psi_{\perf}{\mathcal{A}}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Psi_{\perf}{\mathcal{B}} is an equivalence of (idempotent-complete)
stable โ \infty -categories.
Assembling the work of this section we obtain the following two results:
0NL6
Theorem 4.22 . The functor
ฮจ tri โ ( โ ) : N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] โถ Cat โ ex \Psi_{\tri}(-)\colon\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Cat_{\infty}^{\ex}
admits a fully faithful and accessible right adjoint
ฮฅ : Cat โ ex โถ N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] . \Upsilon\colon\Cat_{\infty}^{\ex}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}].
That is, the โ \infty -category of stable โ \infty -categories is an accessible
localization of the โ \infty -category of spectral categories obtained by
inverting the triangulated equivalences.
0NL7
Proof. The follows from the factorization of M M given in
equationย 4.12 and propositionย 4.20 .
โ
Recall that we have a stable idempotent completion functor
Idem : Cat โ ex โ Cat โ perf \Idem\colon\Cat_{\infty}^{\ex}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Cat_{\infty}^{\perf} . Since Idem \Idem is left
adjoint to the (fully faithful) inclusion
Cat โ perf โ Cat โ ex \Cat_{\infty}^{\perf}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Cat_{\infty}^{\ex} , Cat โ perf \Cat_{\infty}^{\perf} is the
localization of Cat โ ex \Cat_{\infty}^{\ex} obtain by inverting idempotent
completion maps. Further, recall that there is an equivalence Idem โ ฮจ tri โ ฮจ perf \Idem\circ\Psi_{\tri}\simeq\Psi_{\perf} .
0NL8
Theorem 4.23 . The functor
ฮจ perf : N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] โถ Cat โ perf \Psi_{\perf}\colon\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Cat_{\infty}^{\perf}
admits a fully faithful and accessible right adjoint
ฮฅ : Cat โ perf โถ N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] . \Upsilon\colon\Cat_{\infty}^{\perf}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}].
That is, the โ \infty -category of idempotent-complete stable
โ \infty -categories is an accessible localization of the โ \infty -category of
spectral categories obtained by inverting the Morita equivalences.
0NL9
Proof. The โ \infty -category of idempotent-complete stable โ \infty -categories is a
localizing subcategory of the โ \infty -category of stable โ \infty -categories,
and idempotent-completion is an accessible functor as the
inclusion ฮจ tri โ ฮจ perf \Psi_{\tri}\mathchoice{\longrightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}\Psi_{\perf} preserves filtered colimits.
โ
We conclude the section with the promised applications of the theory.
First, the fact that we have accessible localizations provides the
following corollary about the structure of Cat โ ex \Cat_{\infty}^{\ex} and
Cat โ perf \Cat_{\infty}^{\perf} .
0NLB
Corollary 4.25 . The โ \infty -categories Cat โ ex \Cat_{\infty}^{\ex} and Cat โ perf \Cat_{\infty}^{\perf} are
compactly generated, complete, and cocomplete.
We will use the comparison above to lift small stable โ \infty -categories
to spectral categories. To this end, we make the following definition.
0NLC
Definition 4.26 . Let ๐ {\mathcal{A}} and โฌ {\mathcal{B}} be small idempotent-complete stable
โ \infty -categories. We write rep โก ( โฌ , ๐ ) = ฮฅ โก ( Fun ex โ ( โฌ , ๐ ) ) \mathrm{rep}({\mathcal{B}},{\mathcal{A}})=\Upsilon(\mathrm{Fun}^{\ex}({\mathcal{B}},{\mathcal{A}}))
for the small pretriangulated spectral category associated to the
small stable โ \infty -category of exact functors from โฌ {\mathcal{B}} to ๐ {\mathcal{A}} .
0NLD
Corollary 4.27 . Let ๐ {\mathcal{A}} and โฌ {\mathcal{B}} be idempotent-complete small stable
โ \infty -categories and let ฮฅ โก ( A ) \Upsilon(A) and ฮฅ โก ( B ) \Upsilon(B)
be spectral categories lifting ๐ {\mathcal{A}} and โฌ {\mathcal{B}} .
Then N โก ( rep โก ( ๐ , โฌ ) ) โ Fun ex โ ( ๐ , โฌ ) \mathrm{N}(\mathrm{rep}({\mathcal{A}},{\mathcal{B}}))\simeq\mathrm{Fun}^{\ex}\!({\mathcal{A}},\!{\mathcal{B}}) is equivalent to the
โ \infty -category of right-compact
ฮฅ โ ( A ) op โง ฮฅ โก ( B ) \Upsilon(A)^{\op}\wedge\Upsilon(B) -modules.
0NLE
Proof. This follows from theoremย 4.23 and
corollaryย 3.3 .
โ
We also record the following result concerning lifting diagrams of
small stable โ \infty -categories to diagrams of spectral categories.
0NLF
Proposition 4.28 . Let I I be a small category. Given a diagram ๐ {\mathcal{D}} of small stable
โ \infty -categories indexed by N โก ( I ) \mathrm{N}(I) , there exists an I I -diagram of
pretriangulated spectral categories ๐ ~ \widetilde{{\mathcal{D}}} lifting ๐ {\mathcal{D}} .
0NLG
Proof. This is a consequence of [52 , 4.2.4.4] . Given a diagram of
small stable โ \infty -categories, the equivalence in
theoremย 4.22 gives rise to a diagram in the localization
of N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] \mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}] . Including the localization
into N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] \mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}] , we now obtain a diagram in
N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) c ) โ [ W โ 1 ] โ N โก ( ( Cat ๐ฎ ) cf ) \mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\mathrm{c}})[W^{-1}]\simeq\mathrm{N}((\Cat_{\mathcal{S}})^{\cf}) and we can
use [52 , 4.2.4.4] to lift this to a rigid diagram in Cat ๐ฎ \Cat_{\mathcal{S}} .
โ