ScalingStacks

4.3. General base stacks

In this section, we extend Corollary 4.10 on integral transforms to a relative setting where the base is allowed to be an arbitrary derived stack with affine diagonal (not necessarily perfect). In order to describe integral transforms relative to such a base, we will utilize the simple behavior of ∞\infty-categories of sheaves under affine base change.

0NY7

Proposition 4.13. Let YY be a derived stack with affine diagonal, and let f:Spec⁡A→Yf:\Spec A\rightarrow Y be an affine over YY. Then ModA\Mod_{A} is a self-dual QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-module. In particular, for any X→YX\to Y there is a canonical equivalence

QC⁡(X×YSpec⁡A)≃QC⁡(X)⊗QC⁡(Y)ModA.\qc(X\times_{Y}\Spec A)\simeq\qc(X)\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{A}.
0NY8

Proof. Since YY has affine diagonal, the map f:Spec⁡A→Yf:\Spec A\rightarrow Y is a relative affine, which implies that f∗f_{*} is colimit preserving and conservative. Hence f∗f_{*} satisfies the monadic Barr-Beck criteria [L4, Theorem 3.4.5], implying that the natural map ModA→Modf∗​f∗⁡(QC⁡(Y))\Mod_{A}\rightarrow\Mod_{f_{*}f^{*}}(\qc(Y)) is an equivalence. By the projection formula, the monad f∗​f∗​(−)f_{*}f^{*}(-) is equivalent to the functor f∗​A⊗(−)f_{*}A\otimes(-), with monad structure given by the algebra structure on AA. As a consequence, we see that ModA\Mod_{A} is equivalent to Modf∗​A⁡(QC⁡(Y))\Mod_{f_{*}A}(\qc(Y)). Now Proposition 4.1 gives that Modf∗​A⁡(QC⁡(Y))\Mod_{f_{*}A}(\qc(Y)) is self-dual as a QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-module.

Since the ∞\infty-category ModA\Mod_{A} is a dualizable QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-module it follows that the functor

(−)⊗QC⁡(Y)ModA{(-)\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{A}}

commutes with limits of QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-module categories. Thus we have equivalences

QC⁡(X)⊗QC⁡(Y)ModA≃(limA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/XModA′)⊗QC⁡(Y)ModA≃limA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/X(ModA′⊗QC⁡(Y)ModA).\qc(X)\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{A}\simeq(\lim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}\Mod_{A^{\prime}})\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{A}\simeq\lim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}(\Mod_{A^{\prime}}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{A}).

Another application of Proposition 4.1 implies the following equivalence

limA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/X(ModA′⊗QC⁡(Y)ModA)≃limA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/X(Modf∗′​A′⊗f∗​A⁡(QC⁡(Y))).\lim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}(\Mod_{A^{\prime}}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{A})\simeq\lim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}(\Mod_{f^{\prime}_{*}A^{\prime}\otimes f_{*}A}(\qc(Y))).

Using that the map f′×f:Spec⁡A′×YSpec⁡A→Yf^{\prime}\times f:\Spec A^{\prime}\times_{Y}\Spec A\rightarrow Y is affine and that (f′×f)∗​(A′⊠A)≃f∗′​A′⊗f∗​A(f^{\prime}\times f)_{*}(A^{\prime}\boxtimes A)\simeq f^{\prime}_{*}A^{\prime}\otimes f_{*}A, we obtain that the above is further equivalent to

limA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/X(QC⁡(Spec⁡A′×YSpec⁡A))≃QC⁡(colimA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/X⁡(Spec⁡A′×YSpec⁡A))\lim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}(\qc(\Spec A^{\prime}\times_{Y}\Spec A))\simeq\qc(\colim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}(\Spec A^{\prime}\times_{Y}\Spec A))
≃QC⁡((colimA′∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/X⁡Spec⁡A′)×YSpec⁡A)≃QC⁡(X×YSpec⁡A)\simeq\qc((\colim_{A^{\prime}\in\it{Aff}/X}\Spec A^{\prime})\times_{Y}\Spec A)\simeq\qc(X\times_{Y}\Spec A)

Here we have used that QC⁡(−)\qc(-) sends all colimits to limits, and that (−)×YSpec⁡A(-)\times_{Y}\Spec A commutes with colimits (since it is the left adjoint to the mapping stack over YY). ∎

We now show that in the general setting where the base is an arbitrary derived stack with affine diagonal, functors continue to be given by integral kernels.

0NY9

Theorem 4.14. Let f:X→Yf:X\rightarrow Y be a perfect map of derived stacks with affine diagonal, and let g:X′→Yg:X^{\prime}\rightarrow Y be an arbitrary map of derived stacks. Then there is a natural map QC⁡(X×YX′)→FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),QC⁡(X′))\qc({X\times_{Y}X^{\prime}})\rightarrow\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\qc({X^{\prime}})) that is an equivalence of ∞\infty-categories.

0NYA

Proof. Consider the Cartesian diagram

X×YX′\textstyle{X\times_{Y}X^{\prime}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}f~\scriptstyle{\tilde{f}}g~\scriptstyle{\tilde{g}}X′\textstyle{X^{\prime}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}g\scriptstyle{g}X\textstyle{X\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}f\scriptstyle{f}Y\textstyle{Y}

We define a functor QC⁡(X×YX′)→Fun⁡(QC⁡(X),QC⁡(X′))\qc({X\times_{Y}X^{\prime}})\rightarrow\Fun(\qc(X),\qc({X^{\prime}})) by sending a quasi-coherent sheaf M∈QC⁡(X×YX′)M\in\qc(X\times_{Y}X^{\prime}) to the functor f~∗​(M⊗g~∗−)\tilde{f}_{*}(M\otimes\tilde{g}^{*}-). This is a colimit preserving functor, since f~\tilde{f} is perfect. Furthermore, using the projection formula for the map f~\tilde{f}, this functor naturally admits the extra structure of QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-linearity as follows

f~∗​(M⊗g~∗−)⊗g∗​V≃f~∗​(M⊗g~∗​(−)⊗f~∗​g∗​V)\tilde{f}_{*}(M\otimes\tilde{g}^{*}-)\otimes g^{*}V\simeq\tilde{f}_{*}(M\otimes\tilde{g}^{*}(-)\otimes\tilde{f}^{*}g^{*}V)
≃f~∗(M⊗g~∗(−)⊗g~∗f∗V)≃f~∗(M⊗g~∗(−⊗f∗V)),\simeq\tilde{f}_{*}(M\otimes\tilde{g}^{*}(-)\otimes\tilde{g}^{*}f^{*}V)\simeq\tilde{f}_{*}(M\otimes\tilde{g}^{*}(-\otimes f^{*}V)),

for any V∈QC⁡(Y)V\in\qc(Y). Therefore, we in fact obtain a functor QC⁡(X×YX′)→FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),QC⁡(X′))\qc(X\times_{Y}X^{\prime})\rightarrow\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\qc(X^{\prime})), and the rest of this proof will be devoted to showing it is an equivalence.

Recall that the ∞\infty-category of quasi-coherent sheaves on X′X^{\prime} is given by the limit

QC⁡(X′)≃lim𝐴𝑓𝑓/X′ModA.\qc({X^{\prime}})\simeq\lim_{\it{Aff}/X^{\prime}}\Mod_{A}.

By working locally in the target, this provides a description of the ∞\infty-category of QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-linear functors with values in QC⁡(X′)\qc({X^{\prime}}) as the limit

FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),QC⁡(X′))≃FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),lim𝐴𝑓𝑓/X′ModA)≃lim𝐴𝑓𝑓/X′FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA)\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\qc({X^{\prime}}))\simeq\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\lim_{\it{Aff}/X^{\prime}}\Mod_{A})\simeq\lim_{\it{Aff}/X^{\prime}}\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\Mod_{A})

Likewise, we have a description of the ∞\infty-category of quasi-coherent sheaves on the fiber product X×YX′X\times_{Y}X^{\prime} as a limit

QC⁡(X×YX′)≃lim𝐴𝑓𝑓/X′QC⁡(X×YSpec⁡A).\qc({X\times_{Y}X^{\prime}})\simeq\lim_{\it{Aff}/X^{\prime}}\qc({X\times_{Y}\Spec A}).

This follows from the fact that the functor QC⁡(−)\qc(-) takes colimits to limits, and the fiber product functor X×Y(−)X\times_{Y}(-) commutes with all colimits (because it has a right adjoint).

Now one can analyze the functor QC⁡(X×YX′)→FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),QC⁡(X′))\qc({X\times_{Y}X^{\prime}})\rightarrow\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\qc(X^{\prime})) by considering the terms in the above two limits. That is, to prove the theorem, it suffices to prove it locally in the target X′X^{\prime}: for any Spec⁡A→X′\Spec A\rightarrow X^{\prime}, we must show that the functor

QC⁡(X×YSpec⁡A)→FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA)\qc({X\times_{Y}\Spec A})\rightarrow\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\Mod_{A})

is an equivalence.

We will prove this in two steps. First, we will deal with case that the base YY is affine. Afterward, we will use this case to deal with a general base YY.

So assume for the time being that Y=Spec⁡BY=\Spec B. Then XX is a perfect stack over BB, and by Corollary 4.8, QC⁡(X)\qc(X) is a self-dual ModB\Mod_{B}-module. Thus we have equivalences

FunB⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA)≃FunB⁡(ModB,QC⁡(X)∨⊗BModA)≃QC⁡(X)⊗BModA.\Fun_{B}(\qc(X),\Mod_{A})\simeq\Fun_{B}(\Mod_{B},\qc(X)^{\vee}\otimes_{B}\Mod_{A})\simeq\qc(X)\otimes_{B}\Mod_{A}.

By Proposition 4.13 we know that the functor QC⁡(−)\qc(-) takes affine base change to tensor product of ∞\infty-categories. Therefore we have an equivalence

QC⁡(X×BSpec⁡A)≃QC⁡(X)⊗BModA.\qc({X\times_{B}\Spec A})\simeq\qc(X)\otimes_{B}\Mod_{A}.

Putting together the above equivalences, we conclude that we have equivalences

QC⁡(X×BSpec⁡A)≃QC⁡(X)⊗BModA≃FunB⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA),\qc({X\times_{B}\Spec A})\simeq\qc(X)\otimes_{B}\Mod_{A}\simeq\Fun_{B}(\qc(X),\Mod_{A}),

This proves the theorem when YY is affine.

Working locally in the base YY, we will now use the above discussion to prove the theorem in general. As above, since QC⁡(−)\qc(-) and fiber products behave well with respect to colimits we can calculate the ∞\infty-category of quasi-coherent sheaves on the fiber product X×YSpec⁡AX\times_{Y}\Spec A as the limit

QC(X×YSpecA)≃limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YQC(X×YSpecB×YSpecA).\qc(X\times_{Y}\Spec A)\simeq\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\qc(X\times_{Y}\Spec B\times_{Y}\Spec A).

To calculate the ∞\infty-category of functors, we use the following: by Proposition 4.13, the ∞\infty-category ModA\Mod_{A} is a dualizable QC⁡(Y)\qc(Y)-module and hence the functor ModA⊗QC⁡(Y)(−)\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}(-) commutes with all limits. Therefore we have an equivalence

ModA≃ModA⊗QC⁡(Y)(limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YModB)≃limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YModA⊗QC⁡(Y)ModB,\Mod_{A}\simeq\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}(\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\Mod_{B})\simeq\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{B},

and so in particular we obtain equivalences

FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA)≃FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YModA⊗QC⁡(Y)ModB)\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\Mod_{A})\simeq\Fun_{Y}(\qc({X}),\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{B})
≃limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YFunY⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA⊗QC⁡(Y)ModB).\simeq\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\Fun_{Y}(\qc({X}),\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{B}).

By the adjunction between induction and restriction, and a repeated application of Proposition 4.13, we also have equivalences

FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA⊗QC⁡(Y)ModB)≃FunB⁡(QC⁡(X)⊗QC⁡(Y)ModB,ModA⊗QC⁡(Y)ModB).\Fun_{Y}(\qc({X}),\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{B})\simeq\Fun_{B}(\qc(X)\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{B},\Mod_{A}\otimes_{\qc(Y)}\Mod_{B}).
≃FunB⁡(QC⁡(X×YSpec⁡B),QC⁡(Spec⁡A×YSpec⁡B))\simeq\Fun_{B}(\qc({X\times_{Y}\Spec B}),\qc({\Spec A\times_{Y}\Spec B}))

Finally, by the above discussion and the affine case of the theorem with base Spec⁡B\Spec B, we obtain the following chain of equivalences

QC(X×YSpecA)≃limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YQC(X×YSpecB×YSpecA)\qc({X\times_{Y}\Spec A})\simeq\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\qc({X\times_{Y}\Spec B\times_{Y}\Spec A})
≃limB∈𝐴𝑓𝑓/YFunB⁡(QC⁡(X×YB),QC⁡(A×YSpec⁡B))≃FunY⁡(QC⁡(X),ModA).\simeq\lim_{B\in\it{Aff}/Y}\Fun_{B}(\qc({X\times_{Y}B}),\qc({A\times_{Y}\Spec B}))\simeq\Fun_{Y}(\qc(X),\Mod_{A}).

Since we previously reduced the theorem to the case when X′=Spec⁡AX^{\prime}=\Spec A, this completes the proof. ∎

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source collection and HTML conversion remain in progress.

David Ben-Zvi, John Francis, David Nadler

Original source: arXiv:0805.0157v5