ScalingStacks

A resolution of a diagram DD is always a collection of simple disjoint curves on the plane and is thus a 11-manifold embedded in the plane. Now the functor FF from (1+1)(1+1) cobordisms to RR-modules (see SectionΒ 2.3) comes into play. To a union of kk circles it assigns the kk-th tensor power of A.A. The functor FF, applied to the diagram D⁑(β„’),D(\mathcal{L}), considered as a one-dimensional manifold, produces a graded RR-module AβŠ—kA^{\otimes k} where kk is the number of components of D⁑(β„’).D(\mathcal{L}). We raise the grading of AβŠ—kA^{\otimes k} by |β„’|,|\mathcal{L}|, the cardinality of β„’,\mathcal{L}, and assign the RR-module F⁑(D⁑(a))​{βˆ’|β„’|}F(D(a))\{-|\mathcal{L}|\} to the vertex VD​(β„’)V_{D}(\mathcal{L}) of the cube VD:V_{D}:

VD​(β„’)=F⁑(D⁑(β„’))​{βˆ’|β„’|}V_{D}(\mathcal{L})=F(D(\mathcal{L}))\{-|\mathcal{L}|\} (40)

(Recall from SectionΒ 3.1 that the automorphism {1}\{1\} of the category R​-mod0R{\mbox{-mod}_{0}} lowers the grading by 11.) Let us now define maps between vertices of VD.V_{D}. Choose (β„’,a)∈r⁑(ℐ).(\mathcal{L},a)\in r(\mathcal{I}). We want to have a map

ΞΎaVD​(β„’):VD​(β„’)⟢VD​(ℒ​a).\xi_{a}^{V_{D}}(\mathcal{L}):V_{D}(\mathcal{L})\longrightarrow V_{D}(\mathcal{L}a). (41)

The diagrams D⁑(β„’)D(\mathcal{L}) and D⁑(ℒ​a)D(\mathcal{L}a) differ only in the neighborhood of the double point aa of D,D, as an example below (for n=1n=1, so that DD has one double point, ℐ={a}\mathcal{I}=\{a\}) demonstrates (DD is the leftmost diagram, D⁑(βˆ…)D(\emptyset) is the diagram in the center and D⁑(a)D(a) is depicted on the right):

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source collection and HTML conversion remain in progress.

Mikhail Khovanov

Original source: arXiv:math/9908171v2