Proof.Manifestly, the functor is essentially surjective, and it carries the -subcategory to the maximal -subgroupoid .
There results a functor from the localization.
We will argue that this functor is an equivalence by showing it is an equivalence on maximal -subgroupoids, then that it is an equivalence on spaces of morphisms.
After LemmaΒ 2.5, it is enough to consider the case of .
We will adopt the following notation for this proof:
The maximal -subgroupoid of is the classifying space .
In light of the coproduct expression in LemmaΒ 2.12, fix a cardinality .
Consider the full subcategory consisting of those for which the cardinality of the connected components .
We thus seek to show that the resulting functor witnesses an equivalence from the classifying space.
We explain the following sequence of weak homotopy equivalences
where denotes the ordinary point-set colimit of topological spaces.
The first equivalence is formal, because each term in the homotopy colimit is contractible.
By inspection, the category forms a basis for the standard Grothendieck topology on .
The third homeomorphism follows.
Because is paracompact, CorollaryΒ 1.6 ofΒ [DI] gives that the second map is a weak homotopy equivalence.
In summary, we have verified that the map of maximal -subgroupoids
is an equivalence.
We now show that the functor from the localization induces an equivalence on spaces of morphisms.
Consider the diagram of spaces
where a superscript (1) indicates a space of morphisms, and the upper vertical arrows are given as .
Our goal is to show that the middle horizontal arrow is an equivalence.
We will accomplish this by showing that the diagram is a map of homotopy fiber sequences, for we have already shown that the top and bottom horizontal maps are equivalences.
The right vertical sequence is a fiber sequence is because such evaluation maps are coCartesian fibrations, in general.
Then, by inspection, the fiber over is the maximal -subgroupoid of the over -category .
This over -category is canonically identified as .
We now show that the left vertical sequence is a homotopy fiber sequence.
The space of morphisms is the classifying space of the subcategory of the functor category consisting of the same objects but only those natural transformations by .
We claim the fiber over of the evaluation map is canonically identified as in the sequence
This claim is justified through Quillenβs Theorem B, for the named fiber is the classifying space of the over -category which is canonically isomorphic to .
To apply Quillenβs Theorem B we must show that each morphism in induces an equivalence of spaces .
This map of spaces is canonically identified as the map induced from the inclusion , which, by design, is a bijection on connected components.
Through the previous analysis of this proof, this map is further identified as the map of spaces .
The KisterβMazur TheoremΒ 2.3 implies this inclusion is isotopic to an isomorphism, from which it follows that the map of spaces is an equivalence.
We conclude that Quillenβs Theorem B applies.
(For an -categorical account of Quillenβs Theorem B, see for instance TheoremΒ 5.3 ofΒ [Bar].)
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