ScalingStacks

7. The Unicity Theorem[0MLV]

We now introduce our axioms for the theory of (∞,n)(\infty,n)-categories.

[0MIR]

Basic Data. We assume that π’ž\mathcal{C} is a presentable ∞\infty-category equipped with a fully faithful functor f:GauntnΟ‰β†ͺπ’žf\colon\gaunt_{n}^{\omega}\hookrightarrow\mathcal{C}.

The first axiom states that every object of π’ž\mathcal{C} can be written as a colimit of gaunt nn-categories in a canonical manner; this is called strong generation.

[0MIS]

Axiom (C.1: Strong generation). The functor ff is dense, or, equivalently in the language of [29, 4.4.2], it strongly generates π’ž\mathcal{C}. That is, the left Kan extension of ff along itself is the identity functor on π’ž\mathcal{C}.

Equivalently, any object Xβˆˆπ’žX\in\mathcal{C} is the canonical colimit of the gaunt nn-categories mapping to it:

colimH∈Gauntn/XH≃X.\colim_{H\in\gaunt_{n}/X}H\simeq X.

This is equivalent to the condition that the functor ff induces an localization 𝒫⁑(Gauntn)β†’π’ž\pre(\gaunt_{n})\to\mathcal{C}; that is, π’ž\mathcal{C} can be written as Wβˆ’1​𝒫⁑(Gauntn)W^{-1}\pre(\gaunt_{n}) for some class of maps WW of small generation ([27, Remark 20.4.1.5], [28, Proposition 5.5.4.16]).

The next axiom states that every object of π’ž\mathcal{C} can be written as a colimit of objects of 𝔾n\mathbb{G}_{n}, but not necessarily in this canonical manner.

[0MIT]

Axiom (C.2: Weak generation). If β„°βŠ†π’ž\mathcal{E}\subseteq\mathcal{C} is a full subcategory that contains the image f⁑(𝔾n)f(\mathbb{G}_{n}) and is closed under colimits, then β„°=π’ž\mathcal{E}=\mathcal{C}.

[0MIU]

Remark 7.1. In any ∞\infty-category π’ž\mathcal{C} which satisfies Axiom C.2 the cells detect equivalences. That is f:Xβ†’Yf:X\to Y is an equivalence in π’ž\mathcal{C} if and only if it induces equivalences Map⁑(Ck,X)β†’Map⁑(Ck,Y)\map(C_{k},X)\to\map(C_{k},Y) for all 0≀k≀n0\leq k\leq n. This is clear, since for such a map the full subcategory of those Hβˆˆπ’žH\in\mathcal{C} such that Map⁑(H,X)β†’Map⁑(H,Y)\map(H,X)\to\map(H,Y) is an equivalence is stable under colimits and contains the cells, and is thus all of π’ž\mathcal{C}.

We also demand that π’ž\mathcal{C} admit internal Homs for correspondences.

[0MIV]

Axiom (C.3: Internal Homs for correspondences). For any morphism Ξ·:Xβ†’f⁑(Ci)\eta\colon X\to f(C_{i}) of π’ž\mathcal{C}, the fiber product functor

Ξ·βˆ—:π’ž/f⁑(Ci)β†’π’ž/X\eta^{*}\colon\mathcal{C}_{/f(C_{i})}\to\mathcal{C}_{/X}

preserves colimits.

The Adjoint Functor Theorem [28, Corollary 5.5.2.9] implies that this is equivalent to the existence of internal homs for the categories of correspondences π’ž/f⁑(Ci)\mathcal{C}_{/f(C_{i})}.

Equivalently, Axiom C.3 states that every morphism to CkC_{k} is, in the language of Ayala–Francis [3], an exponentiable fibration. (We are grateful to the referee for suggesting this observation.)

We introduce a special collection of maps of π’ž\mathcal{C}. Denote S00S_{00} consist of the union AβˆͺBβˆͺCβˆͺDA\cup B\cup C\cup D of the following four finite sets of maps of π’ž\mathcal{C}:

A:={f(Ciβˆ’1)βˆͺf⁑(βˆ‚Ciβˆ’1)f(Ciβˆ’1)β†’f(βˆ‚Ci)| 0≀i≀nβˆ’1}A\mathrel{\mathop{:}}=\left\{f(C_{i-1})\cup^{f(\partial C_{i-1})}f(C_{i-1})\to f(\partial C_{i})\;|\;0\leq i\leq n-1\right\}

(when i=0i=0, we interpret this as the initial object of π’ž\mathcal{C} mapping to the image under ff of the empty nn-category),

B:={f(Cj)βˆͺf⁑(Ci)f(Cj)β†’f(CjβˆͺCiCj)| 0≀i<j≀n},B\mathrel{\mathop{:}}=\left\{f(C_{j})\cup^{f(C_{i})}f(C_{j})\to f(C_{j}\cup^{C_{i}}C_{j})\;|\;0\leq i<j\leq n\right\},
C:={f(Ci+jβˆͺCiCi+k)βˆͺf⁑(Οƒi+1​(Cjβˆ’1Γ—Ckβˆ’1))f(Ci+kβˆͺCiCi+j)β†’f(Ci+jΓ—CiCi+k)| 0≀i≀n,Β 0<j,k≀nβˆ’i},\begin{split}C\mathrel{\mathop{:}}=\Big\{f(C_{i+j}\cup^{C_{i}}C_{i+k})\cup^{f(\sigma^{i+1}(C_{j-1}\times C_{k-1}))}f(C_{i+k}&\cup^{C_{i}}C_{i+j})\to f(C_{i+j}\times_{C_{i}}C_{i+k})\\ &\Big|\;0\leq i\leq n\textrm{, }0<j,k\leq n-i\Big\},\end{split}

and, lastly,

D:={f(Οƒk([3]))βˆͺf⁑(Οƒk​({0,2}βŠ”{1,3}))f(Οƒk([0]βŠ”[0]))β†’f(Ck)| 0≀k≀n}.D\mathrel{\mathop{:}}=\left\{f(\sigma^{k}([3]))\cup^{f(\sigma^{k}({\{0,2\}}\sqcup{\{1,3\}}))}f(\sigma^{k}([0]\sqcup[0]))\to f(C_{k})\;|\;0\leq k\leq n\right\}.

Finally, we will require that π’ž\mathcal{C} be versal with Axioms C.1–4, so that any other presentable ∞\infty-category satisfying Axioms C.1–4 admits some left adjoint from π’ž\mathcal{C}:

[0MIX]

Axiom (C.5: Versality). For any ∞\infty-category π’Ÿ\mathcal{D} and any fully faithful functor g:GauntnΟ‰β†ͺπ’Ÿg\colon\gaunt_{n}^{\omega}\hookrightarrow\mathcal{D} satisfying Axioms C.1–4, there exist a left adjoint K:π’žβ†’π’ŸK\colon\mathcal{C}\to\mathcal{D} and a natural transformation ΞΎ:K∘fβ†’g\xi\colon K\circ f\to g such that ΞΎ|𝔾n:K∘f|𝔾nβ†’g|𝔾n\xi|_{\mathbb{G}_{n}}\colon K\circ f|_{\mathbb{G}_{n}}\to g|_{\mathbb{G}_{n}} is an equivalence.

[0MIY]

Definition 7.2. A pair (π’ž,f)(\mathcal{C},f) satisfying these axioms (C.1–5) will be said to be a theory of (∞,n)(\infty,n)-categories. We define a subcategory Thy(∞,n)\thy_{(\infty,n)} of the ∞\infty-category of ∞\infty-categories: the objects are ∞\infty-categories π’ž\mathcal{C} that underlie a theory (π’ž,f)(\mathcal{C},f) of (∞,n)(\infty,n)-categories, and the morphisms are equivalences of these ∞\infty-categories.

The ∞\infty-category Thy(∞,n)\thy_{(\infty,n)} is an ∞\infty-groupoid and thus a homotopy type; it is the moduli space of theories of (∞,n)(\infty,n)-categories. Our main theorem is a computation of this homotopy type.

[0MIZ]

Theorem 7.3 (Unicity). One has

Thy(∞,n)≃B​(β„€/2)n.\thy_{(\infty,n)}\simeq B(\mathbb{Z}/2)^{n}.

The proof will occupy the next few sections, and is organized as follows.

  1. (a)

    In SectionΒ 8 we introduce a particular ∞\infty-category and verify that it satisfies Axioms C.1-5. This shows that Thy(∞,n)\thy_{(\infty,n)} is non-empty, and we denote our chosen model by Cat(∞,n)\cat_{(\infty,n)}. For Axioms C.1-4 this means simply varifying the corresponding properties of our model. For Axiom C.5, Versality, we suppose another ∞\infty-category π’Ÿ\mathcal{D} satisfying Axioms C.1-4 and must then show how those axioms guerentee the existence of the desired functor and transformation out of Cat(∞,n)\cat_{(\infty,n)}. In fact a stronger versality property holds: π’Ÿ\mathcal{D} need only satisfy C.1, C.3, and C.4.

  2. (b)

    In Section 9 we show that the space Thy(∞,n)\thy_{(\infty,n)} is connected, i.e., any two ∞\infty-categories satisfying C.1-5 are equivalent. The proof relies essentially on our ∞\infty-categories satisfying Axioms C.1, C.2, and C.5. We note, however, that Axiom C.5 is quantified over the other four axioms, and so this step in fact relies on all five axioms.

  3. (c)

    Having shown Thy(∞,n)\thy_{(\infty,n)} is non-empty and connected, it remains to compute its loopspace. This is done in Section 10 by directly computing the automorphism space of our prefered model.

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source collection and HTML conversion remain in progress.

Clark Barwick, Christopher Schommer-Pries

Original source: arXiv:1112.0040v6

Original source Β· 1112.0040v6